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GaryMarcus'd The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com GaryMarcus'd Date of Addition 7 June 2025 To "GaryMarcus'd" is a colloquial verb derived from the name of cognitive scientist Gary Marcus, referring to the act of critically exposing or debunking the overhyped capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), by highlighting their limitations in reasoning, understanding, or general intelligence. It implies a rigorous, often public critique that challenges the narrative of AI as a near-human or AGI-level system, emphasising its reliance on pattern matching rather than true cognitive processes. Context : The term originates from Marcus's long-standing skepticism toward deep learning and LLMs, as seen in his debates on X and publications like his 2022 Nature paper. The post by Josh Wolfe (@wolfejosh) on June 7, 2025, uses "Apple just GaryMarcus'd LLM reasoning ability" to suggest that Apple's study mirrors Marcus's critique, revealing LLMs' collapse under complex reasoning tasks. Indic Language Translations and Nuances Hindi: "गैरीमार्कस्ड" (GairīMārkasḍ) – Implies a scholarly takedown or exposure of AI flaws, with "मार्कस" (Mārkas) adapted from Marcus and "ड" (ḍ) adding a past-tense flavour to indicate the action is complete. In an Indic context, this term could resonate with the philosophical tradition of questioning artificial constructs (e.g., Maya in Hindu thought) versus true intelligence, aligning with Marcus's call for symbolic AI to complement statistical methods. Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App Deciphering Artificial Intelligence Hype and its Legal-Economic Risks [VLiGTA-TR-001] Learn More Normative Emergence in Cyber Geographies: International Algorithmic Law in a Multipolar Technological Order, First Edition Learn More Previous Term Next Term

Competitors used Google’s automated ad platform to bid on the keyword "Hindware." Google's algorithm uses the trademark as an invisible, backend trigger to auction off the user's high purchase intent in milliseconds and dynamically serve the competitor's ad. The Delhi High Court stripped Google of its "safe harbor" defense. The court ruled that by actively monetizing trademarks through its keyword algorithm, Google is not a passive platform—it is directly liable for trademark infringement. Tech platforms in India can no longer use "the algorithm did it automatically" as a legal shield if that algorithm is built to monetize someone else's IP. Hindware Ltd v. Grohe India Pvt Ltd & Ors. Competitors used Google’s automated ad platform to bid on the keyword "Hindware." Google's algorithm uses the trademark as an invisible, backend trigger to auction off the user's high purchase intent in milliseconds and dynamically serve the competitor's ad. The Delhi High Court stripped Google of its "safe harbor" defense. The court ruled that by actively monetizing trademarks through its keyword algorithm, Google is not a passive platform—it is directly liable for trademark infringement. Tech platforms in India can no longer use "the algorithm did it automatically" as a legal shield if that algorithm is built to monetize someone else's IP. Previous Next The AIACT.IN India AI Regulation Tracker This is a simple regulatory tracker consisting all information on how India is regulating artificial intelligence as a technology, inspired from a seminal paper authored by Abhivardhan and Deepanshu Singh for the Forum of Federations, Canada, entitled, "Government with Algorithms: Managing AI in India’s Federal System – Number 70 ". We have also included case laws along with regulatory / governance documents, and avoided adding any industry documents or policy papers which do not reflect any direct or implicit legal impact. May 2026 Read the Document Issuing Authority Delhi High Court Type of Legal / Policy Document Judicial Pronouncements - National Court Precedents Status Enacted Regulatory Stage Regulatory Binding Value Legally binding instruments enforceable before courts AIACT. Regulation Visualiser Find more sources Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App The LegalTechPolicy.com Playbook, First Edition Learn More Reimaging and Restructuring MeiTY for India [IPLR-IG-007] Learn More Averting Framework Fatigue in AI Governance [IPLR-IG-013] Learn More Decoding the AI Competency Triad for Public Officials [IPLR-IG-014] Learn More NIST Adversarial Machine Learning Taxonomies: Decoded, IPLR-IG-016 Learn More AI Bias & the Overlap of AI Diplomacy and Governance Ethics Dilemmas Learn More Artificial Intelligence, Market Power and India in a Multipolar World Learn More Related draft AI Law Provisions of aiact.in Section 10 – Composition and Functions of the Council Section 10 – Composition and Functions of the Council Section 15 – Guidance Principles for AI-related Agreements Section 15 – Guidance Principles for AI-related Agreements Section 16 – Guidance Principles for AI-related Corporate Governance Section 16 – Guidance Principles for AI-related Corporate Governance Section 17 – Post-Deployment Monitoring of High-Risk AI Systems Section 17 – Post-Deployment Monitoring of High-Risk AI Systems

Technical concept classifcation Date of Addition 26 April 2024 This is one of the sub-categorised methods to classify Artificial Intelligence as a Concept, as this method covers all technical features of Artificial Intelligence that have evolved in the history of computer science. Such a classification approach is helpful in estimating legal and policy risks associated with technical use cases of AI systems at a conceptual level. This idea was discussed in Artificial Intelligence Ethics and International Law (originally published in 2019) . Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App The LegalTechPolicy.com Playbook, First Edition Learn More 2021 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2021 ISAIL] Learn More Regularizing Artificial Intelligence Ethics in the Indo-Pacific [GLA-TR-002] Learn More Regulatory Sovereignty in India: Indigenizing Competition-Technology Approaches [ISAIL-TR-001] Learn More Regulatory Sandboxes for Artificial Intelligence: Techno-Legal Approaches for India [ISAIL-TR-002] Learn More Deciphering Artificial Intelligence Hype and its Legal-Economic Risks [VLiGTA-TR-001] Learn More Deciphering Regulative Methods for Generative AI [VLiGTA-TR-002] Learn More Promoting Economy of Innovation through Explainable AI [VLiGTA-TR-003] Learn More Reinventing & Regulating Policy Use Cases of Web3 for India [VLiGTA-TR-004] Learn More Auditing AI Companies for Corporate Internal Investigations in India, VLiGTA-TR-005 Learn More Artificial Intelligence Governance using Complex Adaptivity: Feedback Report, First Edition, 2024 Learn More Legal Strategies for Open Source Artificial Intelligence Practices, IPLR-IG-004 Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 4 [AIPI-V4] Learn More Ethical AI Implementation and Integration in Digital Public Infrastructure, IPLR-IG-005 Learn More The Indic Approach to Artificial Intelligence Policy [IPLR-IG-006] Learn More Reimaging and Restructuring MeiTY for India [IPLR-IG-007] Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 5 [AIPI-V5] Learn More The Legal and Ethical Implications of Monosemanticity in LLMs [IPLR-IG-008] Learn More Navigating Risk and Responsibility in AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance for Spacecraft, IPLR-IG-009, First Edition, 2024 Learn More Impact-Based Legal Problems around Generative AI in Publishing, IPLR-IG-010 Learn More Legal-Economic Issues in Indian AI Compute and Infrastructure, IPLR-IG-011 Learn More Averting Framework Fatigue in AI Governance [IPLR-IG-013] Learn More Decoding the AI Competency Triad for Public Officials [IPLR-IG-014] Learn More Reckoning the Viability of Safe Harbour in Technology Law, IPLR-IG-015 Learn More Indo-Pacific Research Ethics Framework on Artificial Intelligence Use [IPac AI] Learn More NIST Adversarial Machine Learning Taxonomies: Decoded, IPLR-IG-016 Learn More The Global AI Inventorship Handbook, First Edition [RHB-AI-INVENT-001-2025] Learn More Normative Emergence in Cyber Geographies: International Algorithmic Law in a Multipolar Technological Order, First Edition Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 6 [AIPI-V6] Learn More Artificial Intelligence, Market Power and India in a Multipolar World Learn More 2020 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2020 ISAIL] Learn More Previous Term Next Term The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com

Multipolar World Date of Addition 26 April 2024 A multipolar world is a global system in which power is distributed among multiple states, rather than being concentrated in one (unipolar) or two (bipolar) dominant powers. This was discussed in India-led Global Governance in the Indo-Pacific: Basis & Approaches, GLA-TR-003 (2022) . Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App 2021 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2021 ISAIL] Learn More Global Customary International Law Index: A Prologue [GLA-TR-00X] Learn More An Indian Perspective on Special Purpose Acquisition Companies [GLA-TR-001] Learn More India-led Global Governance in the Indo-Pacific: Basis & Approaches [GLA-TR-003] Learn More Regulatory Sovereignty in India: Indigenizing Competition-Technology Approaches [ISAIL-TR-001] Learn More Global Legalism, Volume 1 Learn More Global Relations and Legal Policy, Volume 1 [GRLP1] Learn More South Asian Review of International Law, Volume 1 Learn More Indian International Law Series, Volume 1 Learn More Global Relations and Legal Policy, Volume 2 Learn More The Policy Purpose of a Multipolar Agenda for India, First Edition, 2023 Learn More The Indic Approach to Artificial Intelligence Policy [IPLR-IG-006] Learn More Indic Pacific - ISAIL Joint Annual Report, 2022-24 Learn More Paving the Path to an International Model Law on Carbon Taxes [IPLR-IG-012] Learn More Normative Emergence in Cyber Geographies: International Algorithmic Law in a Multipolar Technological Order, First Edition Learn More AI Bias & the Overlap of AI Diplomacy and Governance Ethics Dilemmas Learn More 2020 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2020 ISAIL] Learn More Previous Term Next Term The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com

We offer publication services for our in-house research projects and external publications, such as books, collection of research works and other academic and industry-related publications in the fields of law and policy. Indic Pacific Publishing Ask for Quote IPP is the Publication Division of Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP. We offer publication services for our in-house research projects and external publications, such as books, collection of research works and other academic and industry-related publications in the fields of law and policy. Search our publications at Go to VLiGTA.App Content we publish Books Monographs, or general works of research or opinion in the fields of law and policy. Technical Reports Reports covering essential research questions and issues of importance, in the fields of law and policy. Collections of Research Works Collections of research papers, reports and commentaries in the fields of law and policy. Handbooks Handbooks, which cover integral concepts and phenomena in the fields of law and policy. benefits of publishing with us Proof-reading and Plagiarism Checking We offer proof-reading services for every manuscript, which includes plagiarism check services. Although, it is subject to cooperation with every editor/author to ensure that the corrections are made promptly to preserve the quality of the work, we are hospitable to provide proof reading and plag check services for our publications. Marketing and Brand Building Support We offer every manuscript proof-reading services, which includes plagiarism check services. Although, it is subject to cooperation with every editor/author to ensure that the corrections are made promptly to preserve the quality of the work, we are hospitable to provide proof reading and plag check services for our publications. Marketing & Brand Building Support We understand that every publication, be it a report, a book, a handbook or a collection of research papers, for example, is a work, which clearly represents the academic and industrial potential of the authors. We provide tailor-made solutions to build and cultivate the branding of the authors and editors associated with the publications and consult them. Content Marketing Funnel We also offer content marketing services through multiple means, to promote the chapters of the publications, or any short article/blog authored by any of the authors and editors, related to their publications. We are also open to curate specific solutions on content marketing based on the authors and editors' brand development & growth. pricing & specifics Ask for Quote Terms of Royalty Tier-1 For Single or Multiple Authors (1-3 authors only) Tier-2 In-house publications and publications based on external partnerships for reports, handbooks, briefs and other documents of academic, industrial and policy importance under the Vidhitsa Law Institute of Global and Technology Affairs Tier-3 Conference proceedings and collections of research works

Section 24-A – Right to Artificial Intelligence Literacy PUBLISHED Previous Next Section 24-A – Right to Artificial Intelligence Literacy (1) Every individual has the right to basic artificial intelligence literacy that enables meaningful participation in an AI-augmented society. (2) For the purpose of this section, “artificial intelligence literacy” shall include: (i) Knowledge of fundamental AI concepts, capabilities, and limitations; (ii) Understanding of how AI systems may impact individual rights, including privacy, autonomy, and equal treatment; (iii)Ability to identify AI-generated content and understand AI involvement in automated decision-making processes; (iv) Awareness of mechanisms to seek recourse when adversely affected by AI systems. (3) Educational institutions receiving public funding shall progressively integrate age-appropriate AI literacy into their curricula within three years of the commencement of this Act. (4) All public services utilizing AI systems shall provide accessible information about: (i) The fact of AI deployment in service delivery; (ii) How the AI system influences decisions or outcomes; (iii)Options available to citizens who wish to opt for human review or intervention. Related Indian AI Regulation Sources

Released in October 2020 by the Government of Tamil Nadu, this is India's first state-level AI ethics policy. The policy aims to make AI inclusive, free of bias, fair, equitable, ethical, and transparent. Its primary objectives include fostering fairness, equity, transparency, and trust in AI-assisted decision-making systems used in public governance. Key features include establishment of evaluation frameworks before AI deployment for public use, including the Six-Dimensional TAM-DEF Framework (Transparency, Accountability, Misuse Protection, Data Protection, Ethics, Fairness) and DEEP-MAX Scorecard (Data, Ethics, Equity, Privacy - Monitoring, Accountability, eXplainability). The policy promotes development of a regulatory sandbox for startups, private/public enterprises, and academia to research and deploy AI applications. Tamil Nadu Safe and Ethical Artificial Intelligence Policy 2020 Released in October 2020 by the Government of Tamil Nadu, this is India's first state-level AI ethics policy. The policy aims to make AI inclusive, free of bias, fair, equitable, ethical, and transparent. Its primary objectives include fostering fairness, equity, transparency, and trust in AI-assisted decision-making systems used in public governance. Key features include establishment of evaluation frameworks before AI deployment for public use, including the Six-Dimensional TAM-DEF Framework (Transparency, Accountability, Misuse Protection, Data Protection, Ethics, Fairness) and DEEP-MAX Scorecard (Data, Ethics, Equity, Privacy - Monitoring, Accountability, eXplainability). The policy promotes development of a regulatory sandbox for startups, private/public enterprises, and academia to research and deploy AI applications. Previous Next The AIACT.IN India AI Regulation Tracker This is a simple regulatory tracker consisting all information on how India is regulating artificial intelligence as a technology, inspired from a seminal paper authored by Abhivardhan and Deepanshu Singh for the Forum of Federations, Canada, entitled, "Government with Algorithms: Managing AI in India’s Federal System – Number 70 ". We have also included case laws along with regulatory / governance documents, and avoided adding any industry documents or policy papers which do not reflect any direct or implicit legal impact. October 2020 Read the Document Issuing Authority Government of Tamil Nadu Type of Legal / Policy Document National Strategies Status Enacted Regulatory Stage Pre-regulatory Binding Value Non-binding but institutionally endorsed instruments AIACT. Regulation Visualiser Find more sources Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App The LegalTechPolicy.com Playbook, First Edition Learn More Reimaging and Restructuring MeiTY for India [IPLR-IG-007] Learn More Averting Framework Fatigue in AI Governance [IPLR-IG-013] Learn More Decoding the AI Competency Triad for Public Officials [IPLR-IG-014] Learn More AI Bias & the Overlap of AI Diplomacy and Governance Ethics Dilemmas Learn More Artificial Intelligence, Market Power and India in a Multipolar World Learn More Related draft AI Law Provisions of aiact.in Section 22 – Shared Sector-Neutral & Sector-Specific Standards Section 22 – Shared Sector-Neutral & Sector-Specific Standards

Synthetic Content Date of Addition 22 March 2025 Artificially generated information created algorithmically rather than captured from real-world events. This includes synthetic data, media, text, and other content types produced through generative AI techniques to mimic properties of authentic content. Synthetic content encompasses many forms including media (computer-generated images, audio, video), text (artificially generated articles, dialogues), tabular data (synthetic database records), and unstructured data for training computer vision, speech recognition, and other AI systems. Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App Regularizing Artificial Intelligence Ethics in the Indo-Pacific [GLA-TR-002] Learn More Regulatory Sandboxes for Artificial Intelligence: Techno-Legal Approaches for India [ISAIL-TR-002] Learn More Deciphering Artificial Intelligence Hype and its Legal-Economic Risks [VLiGTA-TR-001] Learn More Deciphering Regulative Methods for Generative AI [VLiGTA-TR-002] Learn More Promoting Economy of Innovation through Explainable AI [VLiGTA-TR-003] Learn More Auditing AI Companies for Corporate Internal Investigations in India, VLiGTA-TR-005 Learn More Artificial Intelligence Governance using Complex Adaptivity: Feedback Report, First Edition, 2024 Learn More Legal Strategies for Open Source Artificial Intelligence Practices, IPLR-IG-004 Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 4 [AIPI-V4] Learn More Ethical AI Implementation and Integration in Digital Public Infrastructure, IPLR-IG-005 Learn More The Indic Approach to Artificial Intelligence Policy [IPLR-IG-006] Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 5 [AIPI-V5] Learn More The Legal and Ethical Implications of Monosemanticity in LLMs [IPLR-IG-008] Learn More Navigating Risk and Responsibility in AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance for Spacecraft, IPLR-IG-009, First Edition, 2024 Learn More Impact-Based Legal Problems around Generative AI in Publishing, IPLR-IG-010 Learn More Legal-Economic Issues in Indian AI Compute and Infrastructure, IPLR-IG-011 Learn More Decoding the AI Competency Triad for Public Officials [IPLR-IG-014] Learn More Indo-Pacific Research Ethics Framework on Artificial Intelligence Use [IPac AI] Learn More The Global AI Inventorship Handbook, First Edition [RHB-AI-INVENT-001-2025] Learn More Artificial Intelligence and Policy in India, Volume 6 [AIPI-V6] Learn More Artificial Intelligence, Market Power and India in a Multipolar World Learn More Previous Term Next Term The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com

Section 21 – Intellectual Property Protections PUBLISHED Previous Next Section 21 - Intellectual Property Protections (1) In recognition of the unique challenges and opportunities presented by the development and use of artificial intelligence systems, AI systems must be protected through a combination of existing intellectual property (IP) rights, such as copyright, patents, and design rights, as well as new and evolving IP concepts specifically tailored to address the spatial aspects of AI systems. (2) For the purposes of this Section, “spatial aspects of AI systems” shall refer to the unique capabilities of AI technologies, including but not limited to: (i) Dynamically adapting and generating novel outputs based on changing inputs, environments, and interactions; (ii) Operating with varying levels of autonomy in decision-making, task execution, and self-learning; (iii) Integrating and analysing data from multiple spatial, temporal, and contextual sources; (iv) Enabling novel applications, services, and experiences leveraging spatial computing technologies. (3) The objectives of providing a combination of existing intellectual property rights are to: (i) Encourage innovation by securing enforceable rights for AI developers over their creations, inventions, and generated outputs; (ii) Enhance interoperability by ensuring contractual arrangements are not unduly hindered by restrictive IP terms; (iii) Promote fair competition by preventing unauthorized exploitation of AI-related IP assets developed in India; (iv) Protect individual privacy and data rights by aligning IP protections with provisions under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 and other data protection frameworks. (4) The IAIC shall establish consultative mechanisms, in cooperation with relevant IP authorities and stakeholders, to develop a comprehensive framework for the identification, protection, and enforcement of intellectual property rights related to AI systems, including: (i) Defining the scope and limitations of combined IP protections for AI systems and their spatial aspects; (ii) Assessing the compatibility of such protections with existing IP laws and international treaties; (iii) Addressing interoperability considerations to enable seamless integration and data exchange among AI systems; (iv) Examining IP implications of AI systems’ ability to process, learn from, and generate content based on copyrighted works or patented inventions; (v) Developing guidelines for determining authorship, inventorship, and ownership of AI-generated content and innovations; (vi) Establishing protocols for rights management, licensing, and commercialisation of AI-related IP assets. (5) The use of open-source software in AI systems shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the respective open-source licenses, with the IAIC providing guidance on compatibility between such licenses and the IP protections framework for AI systems. (6) The IAIC shall periodically review and update the IP protections framework to accommodate advancements in AI technologies, evolving legal and regulatory landscapes, and emerging best practices in the field of AI and spatial computing. Related Indian AI Regulation Sources Mr. Shivaji Rao Gaikwad v. M/s. Varsha Productions ("Main Hoon Rajinikanth"), Civil Suit No. 598/2014, Madras High Court, Order dated February 3, 2015 February 2015 Application No: L-9 Raghav Artificial Intelligence Painting App, Indian Copyright Office (Ankit Sahni & RAGHAV AI Copyright Registration) November 2020 (granted); November 2021 (withdrawal notice issued) Amitabh Bachchan v. Rajat Nagi & Ors., CS(COMM) 819/2022, Delhi High Court, Order dated November 25, 2022 November 2022 Anil Kapoor v. Simply Life India & Ors., CS(COMM) 652/2023 and I.A. 18237/2023-18243/2023, Delhi High Court, Order dated September 20, 2023 September 2023 Jaikishan Kakubhai Saraf (Jackie Shroff) v. The Peppy Store & Ors., 2024 DHC 4046, Delhi High Court, Order dated May 15, 2024 May 2024 Arijit Singh v. Codible Ventures LLP & Ors., COM IPR SUIT (L) No. 23443 of 2024, Bombay High Court, Judgment dated July 26, 2024 July 2024 Karan Johar v. India Pride Advisory Private Ltd. & Ors. ("Shaadi Ke Director Karan Aur Johar"), COM IPR Suit (L.) No. 17863/2024, Bombay High Court, Order dated March 7, 2025 March 2025 Ravi Shankar v. John Doe(s) & Ors., CS(COMM) 889/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated August 26, 2025 August 2025 Akkineni Nagarjuna v. www.bfxxx.org & Ors., CS(COMM) 1023/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated September 25, 2025 September 2025 Asha Bhosle v. Mayk Inc & Ors., COM IPR Suit (L) No. 30262/2025, Bombay High Court, Order dated September 29, 2025 September 2025 Aishwarya Rai Bachchan v. Aishwaryaworld.com & Ors., CS(COMM) 956/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated September 9, 2025 September 2025 Abhishek Bachchan v. The Bollywood Tee Shop & Ors., CS(COMM) 960/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated September 10, 2025 September 2025 Suniel V Shetty v. John Doe & Ashok Kumar, COM IP Suit (L) No. 32130/2025, Bombay High Court, Order dated October 10, 2025 October 2025 Sudhir Chaudhary v. Meta Platforms Inc & Ors., CS(COMM) 1089/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated October 10, 2025 October 2025 Hrithik Roshan v. Ashok Kumar/John Doe & Ors., CS(COMM) 1107/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated October 15, 2025 October 2025 Raj Shamani v. John Doe & Ors., CS(COMM) 1233/2025, Delhi High Court, Order dated November 21, 2025 November 2025 Flipkart Internet Private Ltd v. Joint Controller of Patents and Designs & Voicemonk Inc., CMA(PT) No. 9 of 2024, Madras High Court, Order dated January 5, 2026 January 2026 Gammon–OJSC Mosmetrostroy JV and Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) January 2026 Dr. Shashi Tharoor v. Ashok Kumar & Ors., CS(COMM) No. 445/2026 May 2026

Section 20 – Responsible Information Sharing PUBLISHED Previous Next Section 20 - Responsible Information Sharing [***] This is a repealed draft provision. Please click on "Next" to check the next draft provision / section. Related Indian AI Regulation Sources Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information) Rules, 2011 (SPDI Rules) April 2011 Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 (IT Rules 2021) February 2021 Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDPA) August 2023 Draft Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (DPDP Rules) January 2025

Model Collapse Date of Addition 17 October 2025 A degenerative phenomenon where AI models trained on recursively generated synthetic data progressively lose diversity, accuracy, and quality over successive training iterations, ultimately producing increasingly homogeneous and corrupted outputs. This feedback loop occurs when models consume their own generated content or outputs from similar models as training data, causing statistical distributions to narrow and tail events to disappear from learned representations. Model collapse poses existential risks to the long-term viability of AI systems as synthetic content proliferates across the internet, contaminating datasets used for future model training. Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App NIST Adversarial Machine Learning Taxonomies: Decoded, IPLR-IG-016 Learn More Previous Term Next Term The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com

General intelligence applications with multiple short-run or unclear use cases as per industrial and regulatory standards (GI2) The Indic Pacific Glossary The Complete Glossary terms of use This glossary of terms is provided as a free resource for educational and informational purposes only. By using this glossary developed by Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP (referred to as 'The Firm'), you agree to the following terms of use: You may use the glossary for personal and non-commercial purposes only. If you use any content from the glossary of terms on this website in your own work, you must properly attribute the source. This means including a link to this website and citing the title of the glossary. Here is a sample format to cite this glossary (we have used the OSCOLA citation format as an example): Indic Pacific Legal Research LLP, 'TechinData.in Explainers' (Indic Pacific Legal Research , 2023) You are not authorised to reproduce, distribute, or modify the glossary without the express written permission of a representative of Indic Pacific Legal Research. The Firm makes no representations or warranties about the accuracy or completeness of the glossary. The glossary is provided on an "as is" basis and the Firm disclaims all liability for any errors or omissions in the glossary. You agree to indemnify and hold the Firm harmless from any claims or damages arising out of your use of the glossary. If you have any questions or concerns about these terms of use, please contact us at global@indicpacific.com General intelligence applications with multiple short-run or unclear use cases as per industrial and regulatory standards (GI2) Date of Addition 26 April 2024 This is an ontological sub-category of Generative AI applications. Such kinds of Generative AI Applications are those which have a lot of test cases and use cases, which are either useful in a short-run or have unclear value as per industrial and regulatory standards. ChatGPT could be considered an example of this sub-category. This idea was proposed in Deciphering Regulative Methods for Generative AI, VLiGTA-TR-002 (2023). Related Long-form Insights on IndoPacific.App The LegalTechPolicy.com Playbook, First Edition Learn More 2021 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2021 ISAIL] Learn More Regulatory Sandboxes for Artificial Intelligence: Techno-Legal Approaches for India [ISAIL-TR-002] Learn More Deciphering Artificial Intelligence Hype and its Legal-Economic Risks [VLiGTA-TR-001] Learn More Deciphering Regulative Methods for Generative AI [VLiGTA-TR-002] Learn More Promoting Economy of Innovation through Explainable AI [VLiGTA-TR-003] Learn More Auditing AI Companies for Corporate Internal Investigations in India, VLiGTA-TR-005 Learn More [Version 1] A New Artificial Intelligence Strategy and an Artificial Intelligence (Development & Regulation) Bill, 2023 Learn More [Version 2] Draft Artificial Intelligence (Development & Regulation) Act, 2023 Learn More [AIACT.IN V3] Draft Artificial Intelligence (Development & Regulation) Act, 2023, Version 3 Learn More AIACT.IN Version 3 Quick Explainer Learn More The Legal and Ethical Implications of Monosemanticity in LLMs [IPLR-IG-008] Learn More Navigating Risk and Responsibility in AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance for Spacecraft, IPLR-IG-009, First Edition, 2024 Learn More Impact-Based Legal Problems around Generative AI in Publishing, IPLR-IG-010 Learn More Sections 4-9, AiACT.IN V4 Infographic Explainers Learn More Averting Framework Fatigue in AI Governance [IPLR-IG-013] Learn More [AIACT.IN V4] Draft Artificial Intelligence (Development & Regulation) Act, 2023, Version 4 Learn More [AIACT.IN V5] Draft Artificial Intelligence (Development & Regulation) Act, 2023, Version 5 Learn More Indo-Pacific Research Ethics Framework on Artificial Intelligence Use [IPac AI] Learn More Normative Emergence in Cyber Geographies: International Algorithmic Law in a Multipolar Technological Order, First Edition Learn More AI Bias & the Overlap of AI Diplomacy and Governance Ethics Dilemmas Learn More 2020 Handbook on AI and International Law [RHB 2020 ISAIL] Learn More Previous Term Next Term